{
  "version": "1.0",
  "type": "link",
  "title": "EQ-04: General Line Throughput & Kingman’s Queue Explosion (Kingman, 1961; Bartolucci & Vivo, 2026) (South Korea COO Practice) | ANDYGROVE.SYSTEMS",
  "author_name": "ANDYGROVE.SYSTEMS Continuing Professional Development & Operations Research Collective",
  "author_url": "https://andygrove.systems/education",
  "provider_name": "ANDYGROVE.SYSTEMS — High Output Operations & Fresh Preprints Upskilling Hub",
  "provider_url": "https://andygrove.systems",
  "cache_age": 86400,
  "thumbnail_url": "https://andygrove.systems/og-card.png",
  "thumbnail_width": 1200,
  "thumbnail_height": 630,
  "url": "https://andygrove.systems/south-korea/eq-04",
  "description": "EQ-04 (General Line Throughput & Kingman’s Queue Explosion (Kingman, 1961; Bartolucci & Vivo, 2026)) applied by IE/OR specialists in South Korea: Θ_sys = min( λ, min_i (N_i · r_i / v_i) ),   W_q ≈ [ (c_a^2 + c_s^2) / 2 ] · [ u / (1 − u) ] · t. Throughput equals min(λ, capacity), reducing to min r_i only at saturation. At u = 95% human reviewer load, u/(1−u) = 19 (4.75× the queue wait at u = 80%), and AI rework variance (c_s² ≫ 1) explodes delay. | Fresh Preprints: https://andygrove.systems/preprints | 42-Hr CPD Hub: https://andygrove.systems/education (Independent platform; not affiliated with Intel Corporation or the Grove family)"
}